Strong’s G4632: A neuter noun referring to a vessel, implement, or equipment. Used literally for household items and metaphorically for human beings as vessels of God’s purposes. Carries rich theological significance in describing believers as vessels of mercy and honor in God’s house.
U- Unveiling the Word
Σκεῦος carries profound literal and metaphorical meanings in Scripture. While basically referring to implements or vessels, it develops deep theological significance in describing humans as vessels for divine use. Paul especially employs this imagery to discuss election and sanctification (Romans 9:21-23, 2 Timothy 2:20-21). Early church fathers expanded on this metaphor to teach about human purpose, divine calling, and spiritual transformation. Today, it continues to illustrate how believers are set apart as instruments for God’s glory.
N – Necessary Information
- Greek Word: σκεῦος, skeuos, SKYOO-os
- Detailed Pronunciation: σκεῦ (skeu) ος (os) – stress on first syllable
- Part of Speech: Noun, Neuter
Etymology:
- From Indo-European root *skeu- (to cover)
- Related to σκευή (equipment)
- Basic term for implements and containers
- Broad semantic range in Greek
D – Defining Meanings
- Vessel or container
- Implement or tool
- Household goods
- Person as instrument of God
Translation Options:
- Vessel – emphasizing container aspect
- Implement – focusing on utility
- Equipment – highlighting functionality
E – Exploring Similar Words
- ἀγγεῖον (angeion, ang-GAY-on) – See G30: Specific type of vessel
- σκευή (skeuē, skeu-AY) – See G4631: Equipment or gear
- ὅπλον (hoplon, HOP-lon) – See G3696: Tool or instrument
R – Reviewing the Word’s Morphology
- Case: Nominative, Accusative, Genitive, Dative
- Number: Singular and Plural (σκεύη)
- Gender: Neuter
- Declension: Third declension
Examples include:
Nominative/Accusative singular: σκεῦος
Genitive singular: σκεύους
Dative singular: σκεύει
S – Studying Lexicon Insights
BDAG emphasizes both literal and metaphorical uses. Thayer’s notes its broad semantic range. LSJ documents extensive classical usage. Vine’s highlights its theological significance. Moulton and Milligan cite numerous examples from everyday life in papyri.
T – Tracing the Scriptures
First appearance:
Matthew 12:29: “Or how can anyone enter a strong man’s house and carry off his [goods] [σκεῦος], unless he first binds the strong man?”
Additional References:
Mark 11:16, Luke 8:16, Acts 9:15, Romans 9:22, 2 Timothy 2:21
A – Analyzing Classical Usage
| Author: Work | Text |
|---|---|
| Plato: Republic | “The craftsman creates many [vessels] [σκεῦος] for different purposes.” |
| Xenophon: Economics | “The household contains various [implements] [σκεῦος] for daily use.” |
| Aristotle: Politics | “Each [tool] [σκεῦος] serves its specific function in the city.” |
N – Noteworthy Summary
Σκεῦος powerfully illustrates how God shapes and uses His people for His purposes. Like vessels in a great house, believers are called to be instruments of honor, set apart for the Master’s use. This promotes the good news by showing how King Jesus transforms and employs His people for His glory.
D – Did You Know?
- Used to describe Paul as God’s “chosen vessel”
- Appears in both domestic and maritime contexts
- Often used in pottery metaphors for divine sovereignty
Strong’s G4632: A neuter noun referring to a vessel, implement, or equipment. Used literally for household items and metaphorically for human beings as vessels of God’s purposes. Carries rich theological significance in describing believers as vessels of mercy and honor in God’s house.
Part of speech: Noun
Tags: vessels, implements, tools, election, sanctification, purpose, pottery, metaphor, household, divine-sovereignty, transformation, service
